24-K Property Ventures,
Inc. Vs. Young Builders Corporation
G.R. No. 193371.
December 5, 2016
Facts
On 7 August 1996,
petitioner and respondent entered into a Construction Contract
wherein respondent undertook to construct for petitioner a 20-storey
office/residential building along Tomas Morato, Quezon City for the
price of P165,000,000.00. In 1988, petitioner was hit by the Asian
Financial Crisis of 1997 and it incurred arrearages. Respondent
refused to continue with the construction unless petitioner issued
securities for its unpaid obligations. Petitioner then executed in
respondent's favor a Deed of Real Estate Mortgage over two parcels of
land covered by TCT No. N-164112 and No. N-164113. At that time,
these lots were bare and without improvements. In 1999, respondent
filed a complaint for collection of sum of money against petitioner
before the CIAC. Meanwhile, petitioner commenced the construction of
another condominium project on the two parcels of land.
On 19 December 2005, the
CIAC rendered a Final Award ordering petitioner to pay respondent the
sum of P91,084,206.43, with interest at the rate of 6% per annum from
the date of the final award, and 12% per annum from the date the
award becomes final and executory until it is fully paid. This award
became final and executory on 28 October 2008. In the meantime, while
the case was on appeal, the CIAC, upon motion of respondent, issued a
writ of execution dated 2 May 2006 for the award of P91,084,206.43,
as well as for the amount of Pl,208,801.81 as arbitration costs.
Sheriff Villegas serve
the writ and the letter of request for compliance to petitioner's
counsel who acknowledged receipt thereof. Sheriff Villegas also
served notices of garnishment to the following banks: Banco de Oro
Universal Bank, Philippine National Bank, Metropolitan Bank and Trust
Company, United Coconut Planters Bank, and East West Banking
Corporation. Sheriff Villegas subsequently levied on the real
properties of petitioner, particularly on those covered by
Condominium Certificate of Title No. N-14163, No. N-14183 and No.
N-14286, etc. and Transfer Certificate Title No. N-164112 and No.
N-164113.13 The levy effected by Sheriff Villegas was on sixteen (16)
condominium units of Lansbergh Place and on the two parcels of land
upon which Torre Venezia, a 27-storey building with 302 condominium
units, presently stands.
Petitioner filed a
Manifestation with Motion to Suspend Enforcement of Notice of Sale
and Re-computation of Award but the auction sale proceeded and the
subject properties were sold to respondent for Pl 10,504,888.05. A
Certificate of Sale was consequently issued in respondent's favor.
Petitioner filed a
Motion to Set Aside Execution Sale, claiming that the sale was
violative of various provisions of the Rules of Court and that the
subject properties were sold at a grossly inadequate price. The CIAC,
however, denied said motion as well as the subsequent Motion for
Reconsideration.
Petitioner elevated the
case to the Court of Appeals (CA), contending that the CIAC gravely
abused its discretion in upholding the execution sale. The CA
dismissed the petition. Hence, the present petition for review on
certiorari.
Issue: Whether
the levy effected on the real properties of petitioner was proper.
Ruling
No. It is doctrinal that
"a lawful levy of execution is a prerequisite to an execution
sale, either of real estate or of personalty, to the conveyance
executed in pursuant thereof, and to the title acquired thereby."
A proper levy is indispensable to a valid execution sale, and an
execution sale, unless preceded by a proper levy, is void and the
purchaser in said sale acquires no title to the property sold
thereunder. In the case at bar, we find that the levy effected on the
real properties of petitioner was improper.
A valid demand for the
immediate payment of the full
amount stated in the
writ of execution and all lawful
fees is necessary to a
proper levy.
The first crucial step
in the execution of money judgments is a valid demand on the judgment
obligor, usually via a valid service of the writ of execution. In the
case at bar, the Sheriffs Report/Return stated:
By virtue of the Writ of Execution, dated May 2, 2006 issued by
Construction Industry Arbitration Commission, the undersigned sheriff
tried to serve said writ upon officer of respondent corporation,
however, despite [diligent] effort exerted by herein sheriff to serve
to the officer of respondent corporation[,] [service] proved futile
because they refused to acknowledge receipt thereof x x x.
Noticeably, the Sheriffs
Report/Return failed to specifically indicate material information on
the alleged attempted service on petitioner. It failed to state the
name of the officer who allegedly refused to receive the writ and the
circumstances surrounding such refusal, and even the date when said
attempted service was allegedly made.
The CIAC and the CA
unquestionably accepted Sheriff Villegas' ambiguous statements
regarding the alleged attempted service on petitioner, relying on the
presumption that the former performed his official duty regularly.
The Court, however, holds that such presumption cannot be applied in
the case at bar given the abstracted and vague declarations in the
Sheriffs Report/Return.
A valid levy must
first be effected on personal properties, if any,
and then on real
properties if personal properties are insufficient
to answer for the
judgment.
In case the judgment
debtor fails to choose which of his properties should be levied upon,
the sheriff must first levy on the judgment debtor's personal
properties, if any, and should such properties be insufficient, then
the sheriff may levy on the judgment debtor's real properties. In all
of these cases, the sheriff may levy and sell only such properties as
are sufficient to satisfy the judgment debt and the lawful fees.
The Sheriffs
Report/Return, presumably in an effort to comply with the Rules,
stated that a levy on petitioner's bank accounts was first attempted.
The CA accepted the sheriffs statements as gospel truth. In its
recital of facts, the CA stated that "on 05 May 2006, [Sheriff
Villegas] served Notice of Garnishment to a number of banks but he
was informed that the petitioner had no deposits, credits or money
in those banks. On 9 May 2006, he levied on two real properties of
the petitioner.
And yet, the levy on
petitioner's real properties was made on 9 May 2006, clearly showing
that petitioner was deprived of the opportunity to have his personal
properties garnished or levied upon first before his real properties.
All in all, it being shown that there was no proper levy in the case
at bar, the consequent execution sale is thus declared invalid.
WHEREFORE, in view
of the foregoing, the present petition is hereby GRANTED. The
execution sale over the properties covered by TCT Nos. N-164112 and
N-164113 in favor of respondent is declared NULL and VOID.
No comments:
Post a Comment